Short term effect of yoga asana - An adjunct therapy to conventional treatment in frozen shoulder

Background: The available treatments for frozen shoulder yield variable results. Physical therapy andanalgesics are considered as the first-line treatment for this disorder, but the effects are not uniform.There is some evidence to support that alternative medicine may have a role in its management.Objective(s): This study was designed to examine the short-term effects of yoga therapy in patients withfrozen shoulder of mild to moderate severity.Materials and methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted on patients with frozenshoulder between 30 and 60 years of age. They were divided into two groups: yoga (Y) and control (NY).A set of Asana exercises called “Standing Group of Asana” was practiced by the yoga group in addition tothe conventional therapy as received by the control group. The patients were reviewed at 1, 2 and 4weeks. The pain and functional assessment were done at baseline and at each review using the ShoulderPain and Disability Index (SPADI).Results: There were 16 male and 20 female participants in the Y group, and 15 males and 21 females inthe NY group. There was no statistically significant difference in age, sex, and pre-treatment SPADI scorebetween the groups. At the end of the four weeks, the SPADI pain scores in the Y and NY group were20.47 and 20.14, respectively (p ¼ 0.666). The SPADI disability scores in the Y and NY group were 20.4 and19.7, respectively (p ¼ 0.599). Overall SPADI scores were 40.67 and 40.03 in the Y and NY group,respectively (p ¼ 0.736). Both groups had a significant reduction in SPADI pain and disability scores.However, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of SPADI scores.Conclusion: The effect of the Standing Group of Asana has no added advantage relative to standard frozenshoulder treatment when practiced for one month.© 2019 Transdisciplinary University, Bangalore and World Ayurveda Foundation. Publishing Services byElsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Primary Tuberculous Pyomyositis of forearm muscles.

Tuberculosis involving the soft tissue from adjacent bone or joint is well recognized. However, primary tuberculous pyomyositis is rare. Their atypical presentations in unusual sites lead to delay in diagnosis. We report three cases of primary tubercular pyomyositis of the forearm muscles in immuno-competent patients. The presentation was subacute with a swelling and vague pain over forearm. Their diagnostic dilemma and response to chemotherapy has been discussed in the present literature. A high grade of suspicion is required to diagnose tubercular myositis, particularly in patients presenting with unexplained soft tissue swelling in an endemic area. However if an early diagnosis and treatment is instituted, morbidity is decreased significantly.